And even as we compensate for services, we pay a lot more for some services — like expensive, high-tech tests and procedures — than for others — like the time it takes a clinician to think, evaluate, come up with a plan, and help a patient follow it.

The healthy housing program we had set up had helped thousands of children and adults like Veronica. We had worked with a community partner to set up a produce stand and resource guide to help families experiencing hunger and food insecurity. A medical-legal partnership we had created shortly after I started at the clinic was blossoming. Thousands

healthbegins.org.)

As a result of regulatory, cultural, and financial obstacles, doctors and nurses who aspire to be upstreamists on the front lines face challenges in five key areas. To remember these, think of the acronym TRIDNTT (pronounced “trident”): 1. Time and Resources (both human and capital) 2. Incentives (at individual and system levels) 3. Data that’s

Third and finally, it’s urgent that we go beyond utilitarian arguments to continue to stake moral claims for improving access to quality health care for all. Increased efficiency and lower costs, though important, are not the alpha and the omega of health care improvement, and they are still less of a factor in the improvement of health itself.

*For more insight on this type of model, I recommend two articles published in 2010: “A Framework for Public Health Action,” by Thomas R. Frieden, in the American Journal of Public Health, and “A Conceptual Framework for Action on the Social Determinants of Health,” by the World Health Organization.

Focus on food insecurity and slum housing, they said. And create a patient-centered medical home to deal with people’s medical and social issues.

There are three basic elements of this cultural challenge: a lack of sociocultural competence; the skewed demographic composition of our health care workforce and its cultural implications (that is, a lack of diversity); and a lack of mentorship.

California, for instance, recently launched a Health in All Policies initiative to factor health into a wide swath of state decisions.