Place a comma before a conjunction introducing an independent clause.

In these sentences, the clauses introduced by which when, and where are nonrestrictive; they do not limit or define, they merely add something.

If a conjunction is inserted, the proper mark is a comma.

1. Form the possessive singular of nouns by adding 's.

When the main clause of a sentence is preceded by a phrase or a subordinate clause, use a comma to set off these elements.

"Write in a way that comes naturally," "Revise and rewrite," "Do not explain too much," and the rest; above all, the cleansing, clarion "Be clear."

Follow this rule whatever the final consonant.

A colon may introduce a quotation that supports or contributes to the preceding clause.

A colon tells the reader that what follows is closely related to the preceding clause. The colon has more effect than the comma, less power to separate than the semicolon, and more formality than the dash.