allows us to use fandom as a

hypothesis” rather than as a textual property.

Hollywood hybrid, the recombinant form, which assumes that selected features of recent hits can be spliced together to make a eugenic success

attractiveness of these texts originate at least partially from their relevance to pre-existing modes of fan culture, specifically to the fans’ own exploration of homoerotic romance and their discovery of a women’s tradition of such stories in Japan.

desire to engage in larger conversations that impact the culture (also

critics suggest that it was the rich interplay of writers, editors, and fans which allowed science fiction to emerge as a distinctive literary genre in the 1930s and 1940s

Readers are not always resistant; all resistant readings are not necessarily progressive readings; the “people” do not always recognize their conditions of alienation and subordination.

is not a property of fictions so much as it is an interpretive fiction fans construct in the process of making meaning of popular narratives.

Repeated viewings have placed increased attention on these narrative gaps and kernels, requiring their fuller integration into the fans’ metatextual comprehension