(Operant conditioning is a type of learning in which a behavior is strengthened—meaning, it will occur more frequently—when it is followed by reinforcement/reward, and the behavior is weakened—it will happen less frequently—when followed by punishment.)

Alpha–theta training is done in a reclining position with eyes closed. Body position affects brain wave production.

It helps to stabilize and focus attentional systems in the brain.

In most cases, as neurofeedback training quiets fear, the symptoms of these disorders significantly diminish.

The optimal performance brain is the same brain (physically, not functionally) as the traumatized brain, just regulated.

Fear is the core emotion and the primary dysrhythmia in developmental trauma. Without addressing the brain’s fear circuitry directly, developmental

state. He could then solve the problem that had perplexed his fully awake mind. Theta is the state induced by most hypnosis, and it also relates to some of the deepest states of meditation.

often teach meditation practices to my patients that focus on occupying “the present moment.” I repeat the teaching I received from Thich Nhat Hanh, a Vietnamese Zen master, who said, “We fall back into the past and we leap ahead into the future and in that we lose our entire lives.” Living in the present moment isn’t easy

(You can read more about the fascinating history of neurofeedback in the Jim Robbins [2000] book, A Symphony in the Brain.)