How to Avoid a Climate Disaster: The Solutions We Have and the Breakthroughs We Need

replace jet fuel with electrofuels and advanced biofuels, but look at the hefty premiums that come with them:16 The same goes for cargo ships.17 The best conventional container ships can carry 200 times more cargo than either of the two electric ships now in operation, and they can run routes that are 400 times longer. Those are major advantages fo

In addition, one company has developed genetically modified microbes that fix nitrogen; in effect, instead of adding nitrogen via fertilizer, you add bacteria to the soil that always produce nitrogen even when it’s already present. If these approaches work, they’ll dramatically…

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grid-scale energy storage,

It’s also created programs for using drones and ground sensors to help farmers determine how much water and fertilizer their crops need.

Another, more theoretical approach involves making cement out of seawater and the carbon dioxide captured from power plants. The inventors behind this idea think it could ultimately cut emissions by more than 70 percent.

Because it would run on commonly available elements like hydrogen, the fuel would…

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Some companies are working on next-generation transmission that would eliminate the heat problem and reduce the cost of underground lines significantly.

require adding around 75 gigawatts of capacity every year for the next 30 years. Is that a lot? Over the past decade, we’ve added an average

technical challenges we have in energy, where the most important measure of success for any idea is the ability to reach…

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