Apple’s functional organization is rare, if not unique, among very large companies. It flies in the face of prevailing management theory that companies should be reorganized into divisions and business units as they become large. 

It has been cited that Apple's unusual organizational structure has enabled it to innovate over the years. Organization design is taught through the lens of organizational structure in most MBA programs. For decades, there has been a recurring debate over functional vs unit organizations. A company's organizational structure is one of the most... See more

ts fundamental belief is that those with the most expertise and experience in a domain should have decision rights for that domain. This is based on two views: First, Apple competes in markets where the rates of technological change and disruption are high, so it must rely on the judgment and intuition of people with deep knowledge of the... See more