In essence, we humans are not that different from rats, dogs, dolphins or chimpanzees.

However, there is a third level of reality: the intersubjective level. Intersubjective entities depend on communication among many humans rather than on the beliefs and feelings of individual humans.

So over the last 70,000 years humankind first spread out, then separated into distinct groups, and finally merged again.

In fact, attributing emotions to pigs doesn’t humanise them. It ‘mammalises’ them.

Having secured unprecedented levels of prosperity, health and harmony, and given our past record and our current values, humanity’s next targets are likely to be immortality, happiness and divinity.

The Turing Test is simply a replication of a mundane test every gay man had to undergo in 1950 Britain: can you pass for a straight man?

In practice, the power of human cooperation networks rests on a delicate balance between truth and fiction.

most of our planet is already legally owned by non-human inter-subjective entities, namely nations and corporations.

Freedom of information, in contrast, is not given to humans. It is given to information.