“Volume is associated with persuasiveness.” Not sophistication. Not truth. Just volume. Follow this logic to its conclusion and you arrive somewhere absurd but familiar: a world where repetition is truth, where the most persistent voice wins regardless of accuracy

A thousand cheap fakes don’t need any single one to be believed. They need to exist in sufficient quantity that the question “could this be fake?” becomes the default response to any evidence. The dividend pays out before anyone examines the evidence. It pays out when examination itself feels pointless.

Garry Kasparov, who has watched propaganda... See more

at root, about what kind of collective sense-making we’re willing to pay for.

something most democracies haven’t demonstrated: the willingness to treat information infrastructure as infrastructure, deserving the same public investment as roads or water treatment.